Plastic materials are physically quite weak and their performance is dependent upon the correct marrying of plastic & metal.
The system combines the strength of traditional metal pipework with the inertness of the plastic material.
The lining forms an integral continuous protective layer within the pipework extending to form a clamping flange.
Lining does not adhere to the metal and must be of adequate thickness to withstand the stresses created by the service conditions.
Under pressure conditions the liner is fully supported by the metalwork.
Under vacuum conditions the liner must be thick enough to withstand the collapsing forces created by the negative pressure.
Under temperature conditions the thermal expansion of the liner is contained by the metalwork and the expansion stresses will be dissipated within the liner.